Primary burning mouth syndrome has traditionally been considered a diagnosis of exclusion. The authors use a case report and retrospective case series to help practitioners understand and recognize this enigmatic condition.
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A patient had gingival bleeding and gingival hyperplasia in association with markers of hypothyroidism. The definitive diagnosis, based on biopsy and histopathologic examination, led to hormonal therapy, without periodontal treatment.
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In this case, a 53-year-old man presents with generalized painful oral ulcerations in conjunction with cutaneous lesions. Dentists must be familiar with a number of mucocutaneous diseases with similar clinical features to establish a correct diagnosis and facilitate patient referral and treatment.
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Although uncommon pathology of the jaw is often referred to a specialist, dentists can contribute to an accurate diagnosis and prevent inadequate or excessive treatment by acquiring and transmitting appropriate, good-quality radiographs.
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The detailed criteria and guidelines for assessment of severely damaged teeth provided in this article will help dentists avoid errors and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
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An 8-year-old patient presented with a whitish, nondeformable, asymptomatic lesion on the tongue dorsum. The diagnosis relied on histologic examination and immunohistochemical staining.
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This rare genetic condition must be diagnosed early to prevent serious ocular complications.
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An orthodontic archwire penetrating the pterygoid musculature caused otalgia, pharyngitis and trismus in an otherwise healthy adolescent patient.
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The oral cavity is an important entry point for microorganisms, which can be lethal to immunocompromised patients. This case demonstrates the importance of recognizing mucocutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases and eliminating oral sources of infection.
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Painful, bright red swelling of the gingiva, resembling an overripe strawberry, was accompanied by bilateral enlargement of the salivary glands. Diagnosis of this patient’s systemic condition relied on antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody testing.
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A 20-year-old man with a 12-year history of disfiguring swelling in his mandible is diagnosed and treated successfully.
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The authors report a case of giant cell arteritis presenting with bilateral loss of vision and jaw pain. Increased awareness of this condition should lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment and avoidance of devastating consequences.
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Salivary gland diseases may indicate HIV infection. Dentists should be aware of the various types of parotid swellings and consider the possibility of their association with HIV infection.
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Dentists should be alert to unusual pathology in the oral cavity and refer such cases for early diagnosis and treatment.
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Prolonged contact between alendronate (a bisphosphonate medication) and the oral mucosa may lead to oral erosive mucositis. The correct diagnosis depends on a complete medication history, including details about mode of administration.
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Radiographic findings were used to diagnose a 20-year-old male patient who presented with swelling and pain in the right maxillary lateral incisor region and missing permanent maxillary incisors.
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Recurrent mild pain in the premolar region of the mandible was traced to bilateral swellings near the mental foramina. Radiographic and laboratory investigations, accompanied by follow-up observation, were used in making the diagnosis.
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Swollen gums may be caused by something as simple as poor oral hygiene. However, they may signal serious disease that dentists may be instrumental in diagnosing at an early stage.
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